HER2-Positive Breast Cancer | Symptoms &Treatment

Breast cancer is a complicated and intricate condition that impacts millions of women globally. Among its various forms, HER2-positive breast cancer stands out due to its aggressive nature and distinct biological characteristics. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2, or HER2, is a protein that stimulates the development of cancer cells. In HER2-positive breast cancer, there is an overexpression of the HER2 gene, leading to the rapid growth and spread of cancer cells. Dr. Gopal Sharma is a renowned cancer specialist in Delhi. He mentions that understanding the symptoms and treatment options for HER2-positive breast cancer is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.

What is HER2-Positive Breast Cancer?

HER2-positive breast cancer is characterized by the overproduction of the HER2 protein on the surface of breast cells. This overexpression leads to uncontrolled cell growth and division, resulting in a more aggressive form of breast cancer. HER2-positive breast cancer accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer cases and tends to grow faster and spread more quickly than HER2-negative breast cancers.

Symptoms of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Similar symptoms to other forms of breast cancer can be found in HER2-positive breast cancer. However, due to its aggressive nature, these symptoms may appear and progress more rapidly. Common symptoms include:

Lump in the Breast: A palpable lump or mass in the breast is often the first sign of breast cancer. In HER2-positive cases, these lumps may grow quickly.

Change in Breast Shape or Size: Noticeable changes in the shape, size, or appearance of the breast can indicate the presence of a tumour.

Nipple Discharge: Unusual discharge from the nipple, which may be clear, bloody, or another colour, can be a symptom of breast cancer.

Skin Changes: Redness, dimpling, or puckering of the skin on the breast, resembling the texture of an orange peel, may indicate underlying cancer.

Nipple Retraction: Inversion or pulling in of the nipple can occur in some cases of breast cancer.

Pain or Tenderness: While breast cancer is often painless, some individuals may experience discomfort or pain in the affected area.

Diagnosis of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Diagnostic procedures typically include:

Mammography: A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast used to detect tumours and abnormalities.

Ultrasound: An ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the breast tissue, helping to distinguish between solid tumours and fluid-filled cysts.

Biopsy: A biopsy involves removing a small sample of breast tissue for laboratory analysis to confirm the presence of cancer cells.

HER2 Testing: Once cancer is confirmed, HER2 testing is conducted to determine the HER2 status of the tumour. This can be done through immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Treatment Options for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

The treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer has significantly improved over the years, thanks to targeted therapies that specifically address the HER2 protein. The primary treatment options include:

Targeted Therapy

• Trastuzumab (Herceptin): Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets the HER2 protein, inhibiting cancer cell growth. It is frequently paired with chemotherapy.
• Pertuzumab (Perjeta): Pertuzumab is another monoclonal antibody that targets a different part of the HER2 protein, enhancing the effectiveness of trastuzumab.
• Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla): This drug combines trastuzumab with a chemotherapy agent, delivering targeted treatment directly to cancer cells.

Chemotherapy

• Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. It is often used in combination with targeted therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer.

Hormone Therapy

• For tumours that are also hormone receptor-positive, hormone therapy may be used to block the effects of estrogen or progesterone on cancer growth.

Surgery

• Surgical options include lumpectomy (removal of the tumour and surrounding tissue) or mastectomy (removal of the entire breast). The choice of surgery depends on the size and location of the tumour.

Radiation Therapy

• High-energy radiation is used in radiation treatment to target and destroy cancer cells. It is often used after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Dr. Gopal Sharma | Leading the Fight Against HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Dr. Gopal Sharma, a renowned oncologist, has been at the forefront of treating HER2-positive breast cancer. His approach includes the latest advancements in targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and personalized treatment plans, ensuring the best possible outcomes for his patients.

For those seeking the Best Breast Cancer Treatment in Delhi, Dr. Gopal Sharma uses state-of-the-art facilities and cutting-edge treatments. With a patient-centric approach, Dr. Sharma emphasizes early diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and continuous support throughout the treatment journey.

Dr. Sharma and his team are committed to providing compassionate care, ensuring that each patient receives the best possible treatment tailored to their specific needs.

In the Summary

HER2-positive breast cancer is an aggressive form of breast cancer that requires specialized treatment. With advancements in targeted therapy and the expertise of oncologists like Dr. Gopal Sharma, patients have access to effective treatment options that significantly improve their prognosis. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial in managing HER2-positive breast cancer, making regular screenings and awareness of symptoms essential.

For those seeking comprehensive care, the Best Breast Cancer Treatment in Delhi is available with Dr Gopal Sharma, offering hope and improved outcomes for patients battling this challenging disease.